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Comparative forecast of passenger transportation in long haul railway and long-distance bus service
(Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет, 2021) Balaka, Ye. I.; Rezunenko, M. Ye.; Vdovychenko, V. O.; Балака, Є. І.; Резуненко, М. Є.; Вдовиченко, В. О.
Problem. The article presents methodological approaches to determining the volume of passen-ger service in long-distance railway connections and intercity bus services in Ukraine, which are expected in the coming years. Goal. The purpose of the study is to increase the reliability of the information base for making informed management decisions on the further development of the transport passenger complex. Methodology. In the process of research there was used a set of methods of expert assessment and logical analysis of possible factors influencing; economic and mathematical modeling; formalized extrapolation methods to determine the predictive pa-rameters of influencing factors. Results. The forecast values of the number of transported pas-sengers and the values of passenger turnover in long-distance railway and intercity bus connec-tions in the short-term period are obtained. Originality. To estimate the forecast values of pas-senger traffic there was used the combination of methods of correlation-regression analysis and forecasting the magnitude of factors by the method of variable average. Practical value. The study of the patterns of passenger traffic dynamics revealed that in the next two years no signifi-cant changes are expected in the volume of work of both kinds of transport. However, in long-distance railway transport it is possible to increase passenger traffic by 1.6 % (0.74 million pas-sengers) and, accordingly, the annual passenger turnover will increase by 2.2 %. In the inter-city bus service, a slight decrease in the volume of passenger traffic by 0.8 % (0.93 million pas-sengers) is possible, and the rate of decrease in annual passenger turnover will be 0.5 %. In the conditions of constant reduction of the population of Ukraine the most effective mechanism of ensuring further sustainable development of both types of passenger transportation is constant adjustment of tariff policy on the principles of flexibility and bonus tariff formation under condi-tion of continuous improvement of services quality.
Justification of the choice of public transport service type on the route
(Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет, 2021) Skirkouski, S. V.; Sedziukevich, U. M.; Svichynska, O. V.; Скірковський, С. В.; Седюкевич, В. М.; Свічинська, О. В.
Problem. Currently, there exist two main types of service on public transport routes – headway-based and timetable-based. They differ by the frequency of service at the stops and by the information available for passengers. The required frequency of service significantly affects transport operator costs and passenger travel time which, in turn, influences the cost for a passenger. One of the ways to reduce costs for both parties of the transportation process is to make a reasonable choice of the type of service or switch between the types during the day depending on the passenger flow volume. Goal. In the paper, to justify the choice of between the types of service, the cost of public transport vehicles operation and the losses of passenger travel times are taken into account. Methodology. The developed way of making a choice about the type of service allows increasing the efficiency of urban public transport due to reducing the passenger waiting time by switching from the headway-based service in rush hours to timetable-based service in the periods of passenger flow volume decline. Results. The relationship allowing making a decision about the type of service on the route is developed. It allows to correctly introduce the type of service which will ensure the balance between the transport operator and passenger costs. Originality. The developed approach to make a decision on the type of service allows reducing the passenger waiting time by switching from headway-based service in rush hours to the timetable-based service in the periods of decline in passenger flow volume during the day. Practical value. The results of the research based on the survey data allowed estimating the numerical value of the headway at which it is expedient to switch to the timetable-based service.
Research of the factors influencing the operational performance of urban public transport
(Харківський національний автомобільно-дорожній університет, 2021) Skirkouski, S.; Sedziukevich, U.; Karpenko, V.; Svichynskyi, S.; Скірковський, С. В.; Седюкевич, В. М.; Карпенко, В. О.; Свічинський, С. В.
Problem. Currently, there is no universal approach to improve the efficiency of the urban public transport operation. Different methods are used during the estimation of public transport operation cost and the quality of services for the passengers. It makes actual the development of the target function which will allow assessing the carrier cost and passenger expenditures, and therefore find the balance between the interests of these parties of the transportation process. Thus, the alternative to the existing approaches can be created and then used to organize passenger transportation and improve transport enterprise management. Development of this alternative is the actual task as the new target function will open the horizon to improve the methods of organization of public transport operation. Goal. The new approach to optimize the costs of public transport operation needs to be tested for the appropriateness for the planning of passenger service in cities. Methodology. The developed target function was derived as the result of the analysis of the economic and social factors influencing the efficiency of the urban public transport operation. Results. The use of the developed target function allows finding the optimal values of cost components for the passenger and the carrier. Originality. The obtained function to optimize the performance of public transport allows reducing the costs of suboptimal use of vehicles capacity, suboptimal allocation of the vehicles to the routes and the irrational organization of vehicles operating on the routes. Practical value. The results of the research clarify the controlled and uncontrolled parameters of the public transport system operation.

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