Digital and institutional mechanisms for regulating international freight and passenger transport corridors

Abstract

The development of international freight and passenger transport corridors is accompanied by limited digital integration and fragmented management mechanisms. Insufficient implementation of digital technologies, the absence of integrated transport flow management platforms, and inconsistency of data exchange standards reduce the operational efficiency of transport corridors. Methodology. A phased approach to the formalization of the transport corridor as a cyber-institutional system is proposed. Within this system, digital components, including Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), the Internet of Things (IoT), and Big Data analytics, interact with management instruments, including customs procedures and regulatory mechanisms, within a unified adaptive management loop. The proposed model considers the interaction between digital, institutional, and external subsystems in real time. Results. An integrated indicator for evaluating transport corridor performance was developed, taking into account delivery time, safety level, operational costs, and service quality. In addition, a digital–institutional consistency coefficient was introduced to quantitatively assess the degree of interaction between digital platforms and institutional mechanisms. It was established that the level of synchronization between these components significantly affects overall system efficiency. The developed model includes a dynamic description of transport flows and feedback mechanisms that ensure the adaptation of digital and management components according to system performance indicators. It was determined that the efficiency of a transport corridor depends not only on technical parameters but also on the level of integration between digital and institutional environments. Originality. A phased approach to the formalization of an international transport corridor as a cyber-institutional system was proposed. In contrast to existing approaches, the developed framework integrates digital technologies and institutional management instruments within a unified adaptive system. Practical value. The obtained results make it possible to formalize transport corridor management processes, evaluate the impact of digitalization, and substantiate measures aimed at improving efficiency through the harmonization of technological and institutional solutions.