Study of the interaction of a short-base loader with a supporting surface during transport operations

Abstract

The relevance of the work lies in the creation and improvement of loading and unloading machines. This article deals with the transport mode of a short-base loader PMTS 1200, namely, the process of moving over a single obstacle. Due to the short base and the centre of gravity, which is structurally located closer to the rear axle, when overcoming unevenness of the working surface, the machine loses stability as a result of the rear wheels detaching from the bearing surface, which reduces its efficiency and productivity. Therefore, there is a need to increase the efficiency of short wheel loaders when overcoming unevenness on the work site by using an intelligent control system in transport mode, which increases the stability of the machine. On the other hand, machine control automation systems require consideration of the transport mode, mathematical modelling of the machine, and algorithmisation of workflows, as these parameters are essential for the development of control systems. Thus, the creation of adaptive systems for automatic control of short wheel loaders' work processes is an urgent scientific and technical problem, the solution of which is of great economic importance for the construction industry. Using the developed mathematical models, the dependencies characterising the interaction of the forklift wheels with the bearing surface were obtained, which are complex in nature, but they reflect the interaction of a short wheel loader with an obstacle and can be used to assess the stability of the machine and the traction capabilities of its individual wheels.